This oasis was a lake.
In the past, it was a place of ancient settlement.
All these inscriptions belong to the world and all mankind.
In the arms of Mount Umm Senman
In the Arabian Peninsula
some oases have dazzled historians, travelers, and poets.
The oasis of Jubbah, which is surrounded by a range of dark mountains
was named by a historian who had never seen it, but had
heard that it had enchanted the eyes of travelers
who crossed the Nafud desert to reach it.
they spent a whole day contemplating it in admiration.
Jubbah, northwest of Hail
is one of the trading stations on the ancient caravan route
between the eastern Mediterranean
and the Najd plateau.
Today, it is an archaeological site on the UNESCO World Heritage List
since 2015.
In order to document the march of camels
in the Arabian Peninsula and their carvings, we arrived
to Jubbah oasis, which is located
northwest of Hail at a distance of hundred kilometers.
This oasis was a lake.
Around this lake, the Arab Semites settled
and so did the Thamud.
They documented their lives through these inscriptions on Mount Umm Sinman.
Sinman means two humps.
The two-humped camel.
It is lower than the Hail region
so water sprung there.
In the past, it was a place for ancient settlement.
We will go down there and
see one of the most important sites registered in the
World Heritage of Humanity (UNESCO).
All these inscriptions belong to the world and to all the humanity.
By the way, the Greek historian Ptolemy
in the second century AD mentioned Jubbah
with the name Inna
which means the spring in the Aramaic language.
This proves that there was a spring
that ends at the lake.
However, at that time during Ptolemy’s days, it was not a lake
but the remainings of the spring are still present.
This was mentioned by the French orientalist traveler Charles Huber
who stood and sat for a whole day on Mount Umm Sanaman
looking at this oasis.
He was the one who mentioned this story to Ptolemy.
Ptolemy neither came to the Arabian Peninsula nor to Jubbah.
How did he know about all this?
Like any historian, he listens and takes news from the caravans.
This is an evidence that Jubbah was on the route taken by the caravans
in the old days, the Incense Road.
He heard that it was one of the stations of the Incense Route.
It still was until recently when vehicles started appearing.
It is still on the Incense Route.
The Finnish orientalist George Fallin,
Lady Anne Blunt, the German-French traveler Charles Huber
and the orientalist Julius Otting
all visited Jubbah
and described it as a plain covered with palm trees
surrounded by a dark mountain.
Today, this mountain is called Umm Sanaman
and it was named as Umm Sanaman due to the similarity with the camel's humps.
George Fallin - Finnish orientalist Visited Jubbah in year 1845
Lady Anne Blunt Visited Jubbah in year 1879
Charles Huber French Orientalist - Visited Jubbah, year 1880 and returned to it, year 1884
Julius Otting German Orientalist - Visited Jubbah, year 1884
Ten thousand years ago
in the heart of the Nafud desert there was a lake.
Lake Jubbah
was drying up and overflowing, only to appear for the last time
about six thousand years ago
after which drought prevailed and turned it into a rich fertile oasis.
At a time when there was rain, lakes, and rivers,
Jubbah was a settlement.
However, the great lake
dried up seven times, according to research by the German Max Planck Institute.
Jubbah's drawings went through three stages.
They were large, detailed, and ornate in their beginnings.
Then, after the drying up of its lake for the first time
its people abandoned it. It no longer was a settlement.
The drawings on its rocks became small and simple.
In its third period, in the Bronze and Iron Ages
drawings changed to become schematic and abstract.
This man drew his camel
and tied up the left hand.
What does this indicate?
Yes, this indicates that such drawings and specifically this drawing
has one pattern, which is the pattern of the Hajjar,
Mamdouh Mouzawem Al-Shamri Researcher in Thamudi inscriptions He tied up the hands
so that the camel will not move too fast
unlike the chains that usually tie up the hands of the camel.
When camles are to breed
they tie up their hands when there is need.
In this drawing, the hands were tied up to limit their speed.
This is called Al-Hajar, but if it is raised
and tied up above the camel’s knee, it can be considered as the
hand and below it is called the fetter.
Therefore, when the Thamud drew these drawings three thousand years ago
they wanted to demonstrate to us the state of the camel
the state of fighting
and their love for their camels.
The state of the camel and how the fetter is used.
He knows that one day
well, why didn't he write on leather?
He knows that the leather does not stay in a good condition after one hundred years.
He drew on sandstones that last for a lifetime.
This is the link with the ancient Arab Semites
who inherited this land after the people of Noah.
Here in Mount Umm Sanaman
the man of the Arabian Peninsula left more than five thousand Thamudic inscriptions
about one thousand three hundred drawings of camels,
and two hundred drawings of many other animals.
These Thamud wrote their names next to their drawings.
Signature, authentication, and accuracy in the lines of their paintings
so that they would almost move
if the dust of years was wiped off.
I often say in Ala Khota Al-Arab
that the human condition in the Arabian Peninsula
due to the economic situation in the past
since the rainy ages and the eras of the incense trade
was good. Look at the bow
maker and the arrow maker
but three hundred years ago
meaning yesterday no one knew what bow and arrows were.
This is another story.
These inscriptions are
the Thamudic script, brother Mamdouh.
These are all related to the life of the camel.
Tell us more about this inscriptions.
What is important to us in the inscriptions, for example, is the word “Ees”
which means camel.
Professor Suleiman Al-Deeb mentioned this inscription
specifically; This is evidence that they had commercial activity.
They were not nomads that only followed their camles, but they were social active.
- Ees, the camel. - Ees.
The poet says like a camel
in the desert. It suffers from thirst and holds water
on its back.
The word "ees" means loaded camels.
In the Arabic language, it is not called a convoy
but instead a loaded camel.
Those camels are for trade and are called "Ees" and sometimes "Eer".
The Almighty said: cameleers, you are thieves.
He did not say contestants, but instead Eer, the camel.
The camel.
The pain of love that I experienced
is being far from my beloved one
like a camel in the desert suffering from thirst
while carrying water on its back.
The poet says that longing for his beloved one is killing him
while she is near to him but yet far.
The camel
is the only animal that fits well with the
composition of the Arabian Peninsula geographically and climatically.
Since the beginning of life, a very long time ago
camels with this environment
helped them to move their belongings
and were like their outfit.
Camels also carried their meat and milk
because camels fit well with this environment.
History, stories, and long historical events
are all associated with the events of camels.
With the word “Ees” written with the Thamudic script
Eid Al-Yahya infered the social and commercial situation in Jubbah
thousands of years ago.
Speaking of the "Ees" made us search for the Howdah.
It was not far, and we are still in Jubbah.
One of the amazing paintings in the mountain of Umm Snaman
in Jubbah, is the camel with Howdah.
Mamdouh.
Yes, this is right. The Howdah is a decorative tool
as you can see for the Thamud artist.
He is one of the most famous Thamud, who drew this drawing
and then wrote his name next to it
as a kind of documentation.
He wrote for Ragheth
Mamdouh Mouzawem Al-Shamri Researcher in Thamudi inscriptions who, as you know Dr. Eid
is the father of the Thamud Hajjaj,
Both were famous for their paintings especially drawing camels.
As you see the Howdah with all the decorations
the arm, back shackle, as well as halter
the swords and the beauty of the drawing.
In general, the Thamud focus on decoration
and are good at it.
They have an artistic taste.
Perhaps, whenever they have a special occasion like a wedding
or a social occasion
they decorate like that.
At the bottom of Mount Al-Sanamin,
there are drawings on the walls of the mountains, in their valleys
and even under their rocks.
Crossing the camels' path, Eid Al-Yahya reaches
a small cave in Jubbah
where there is an inscription
that is the first thread in the Thamudic tale.
In order to document the camel inscriptions in Jubbah
we read the Thamudic writings
related to the breeding and life of camels
and we repeated saying Thamudic
we came to see one of the most important inscriptions
in the Arabian Peninsula. It includes the word
Thamad which means Thamud.
Here are eight texts in the Arabian Peninsula.
In the middle of this cave, there is one
which is probably the most important one.
The name Thamud was mentioned and written in this inscription
and scholars used this name
to identify the Thamudic script.
Let us see what is inside the cave.
Now, we got to the inscription protected by this spell
which mentioned the name Thamud
or the Thamudic tribe.
Based on the translation
Wadaf, wada, or wadada, to want
according to Dr. Osama Deeb means my regards
while Mamdouh Al-Shammari reads it as
wada or wadatha, meaning I want.
God in the Holy Quran says love will be with them.
Antara said I want to kiss the swords
and the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, says wadadt
meaning I wanted or I would like.
Therefore, there is a slight difference in translation
but reading the letters
wadafa, wadada, wada, and thamada.
These three letters are for thamada.
Who wrote this greeting and sent it to this Thamudic man
is known as Asgad bin Khalaf
Asgad bin Khalaf.
This is the eighth text in the Arabian Peninsula
that mentions the Thamudic tribe.
There are disagreements regarding this issue.
We are now tackling the drawings of camels and scope of life of the Thamud.
Are they the same Thamud mentioned in the Holy Quran?
The people of Saleh, or even before Saleh.
They were present before Saleh. Saleh was sent to them at a later stage
probably in the middle or end of their lives.
Probably at the end of their lives.
Maybe these letters or this ancient Thamudic Arabic script
was attributed to this letter
or this name which is Thamudic.
Personally,
and archaeology remains theories until the contrary is proven.
I believe that it pertains to the Thamudic tribe, and God the Almighty mentioned as well
that they inherited the land after the people of Noah.
Noah came after Adam
and Saleh was sent for the Thamoud.
There are eight Thamudic names.
Archaeologists linked
the Thamudic script to a defined age, making it the oldest
one thousand two hundred years BC, or three thousand two hundred years from now
or even eight hundred. They say that this text
is from the middle Thamud age, four hundred years BC.
Since the Holy Quran states that the Thamud came after the people of Noah, I believe,
that the tens of thousands of Thamudic writings
in all the Arabian Peninsula,
there is not definite evidence that they date back to only one thousand years BC.
Based on what? The Phoenician and Sumerian alphabets
were found before because the Azeri order
listed information in a table even if not true.
The Holy Quran is the evidence
or we can even examine the inscriptions
mechanically and closely to see who old they are
and not by using names
because now they depend on names.
For example, the name of a person or the name of a kingdom,
so they say a thousand years BC.
Personally, I think that all these information
and inscriptions about camels and the Thamudic writings
are related to the people and nation of Thamud.
This great nation
was mentioned in the Holy Quran. A surah was allocated for it.
Moreover, God sent the Prophet Saleh to them in the area of ​​Al-Hujrah, Al-Ula
and Wadi Al-Qura.
A journey in the heart of a journey
imposed by "Inna" on the team of Ala Khota Al-Arab.
This spring was described by Huber as a pure white plain.
Ptolemy described it
as a spring of fresh water.
It is Jubbah, the ancient dress of Hail
with a lot of undiscovered secrets.